This is an outdated version published on 2023-12-11. Read the most recent version.

One-step extraction versus QuEChERS for pesticide analysis in selected fruits and vegetables

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20450/mjcce.2023.2762

Keywords:

EN 15662, ESI/MS, HPLC, sample preparation, acetonitrile

Abstract

This research was focused on the performance evaluation of a simple sample preparation involving acetonitrile extraction followed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis. Simplified method validation parameters, along with several other features, were compared to those of the citrate QuEChERS for 19 pesticides analyzed in four representative fruits and vegetables. The results showed comparable performances of the two methods for 5 of the 6 investigated validation parameters. The simplified method had better performance regarding the selectivity, since three analytes experienced a selectivity issue in one of four QuEChERS-treated matrices. Overall, results lead to an assumption that acetonitrile extraction could be reasonably implemented in certain cases of pesticide analysis, as an efficient and economical alternative to the official method. Since the research provides an insight into acetonitrile extraction capabilities in the domain of pesticide analysis in complex matrices, scientists, researchers or analytical practitioners can determine which method is most beneficial for a particular analysis.

References

(1) Ferracane, A.; Zoccali, M.; Cacciola, F.; Grazia Salerno, T. M.; Tranchida, P. Q.; Mondello, L., Determination of multi-pesticide residues in vegetable products using a "re-duced-scale" QuEChERS method and flow-modulated comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J. Chrom. A, 2021, 1645:462126.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462126

(2) Mahdavi, V.; Eslami, Z.; Gordan, H.; Ramezani, S.; Peivasteh-roudsari, L.; Ma'mani, L.; Khaneghah, A. M., Pesticide residues in green-house cucumber, cantaloupe, and melon samples from Iran: A risk assessment by Monte Carlo Simulation. Environ. Res. 2022, 206:112563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.112563

(3) Martinez Bueno, M. J.; Valverde, M. G.; del Mar Gomez-Ramos, M.; Valverde, A.; Martinez Galera, M.; Rodrigez Fernandez-Alba, A., Monitoring of pesticide residues in crops irrigated with reclaimed water by a mul-tiresidue method based on modified QuEChERS. Anal. Methods 2021, 13 (36):4131–4142.

https://doi.org/10.1039/D1AY00845E

(4) Melton, L. M.; Taylor, M. J., Use of a deactivated PTV injector liner and GCMS/MS for the quantitative determi-nation of multiple pesticide residues in fruit and vegeta-bles. MethodsX 2021, 8:101180.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2020.101180

(5) Guo, H.; Chen, A.; Zhou, J.; Li, Y.; He, X.; Chen, L.; Zhang, Y., Efficient extraction and determination of car-bamate pesticides in vegetables based on a covalent or-ganic frameworks with acylamide sites. J. Chrom. A 2022, 1664:462799.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462799

(6) Jin, X.; Kaw, H. Y.; Liu, Y.; Zhao, J.; Piao, X.; Jin, D.; He, M.; Yan, X.P.; Zhou, J.; Li, D., One-step integrated sample pretreatment technique by gas-liquid microextrac-tion (GLME) to determine multi-class pesticide residues in plant-derived foods. Food Chem. 2022, 367: 130774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130774

(7) Hegazy, A. M.; Abdelfatah, R. M.; Mahmoud, H. M.; Elsayed, M. A., Development and validation of two ro-bust simple chromatographic methods for estimation of tomatoes specific pesticides' residues for safety monitor-ing prior to food processing line and evaluation of local samples. Food Chem. 2020, 306:125640.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125640

(8) Martins Moura, A. C.; Neves Lagoa, I.; Fernandes Car-doso, C.; Dos Reis Nascimento, A.; Pereira, I.; Gontijo Vaz, B., Rapid monitoring of pesticides in tomatoes (So-lanum lycopersicum L.) during pre-harvest intervals by paper spray ionization mass spectrometry." Food Chem. 2020, 310: 125928.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125938

(9) Chen, K.H.; Li, Y.C.; Sheu F.; Lin, C. H., Rapid screen-ing and determination of pesticides on lemon surfaces us-ing the paper-spray mass spectrometry integrated via thermal desorption probe. Food Chem. 2021, 363: 130305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130305

(10) Gong, X.; Tang, M.; Gong, Z.; Qiu, Z.; Wang, D.; Fan, M., Screening pesticide residues on fruit peels using port-able Raman spectrometer combined with adhesive tape sampling. Food Chem. 2019, 295:254–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.127

(11) Jiao, A.; Dong, X.; Zhang, H.; Xu, L.; Tian, Y.; Liu, X.; Chen, M., Construction of pure worm-like AuAg na-nochains for ultrasensitive SERS detection of pesticide residues on apple surfaces. Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Bi-omol. Spectrosc. 2019, 209:241–247.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2018.10.051

(12) Subramaniam, T.; Kesavan, G., Coherently designed sustainable SERS active substrate of Ag/TiO2 hybrid nanostructures for excellent ultrasensitive detection of chlorpyrifos pesticide on the surface of grapes and toma-toes. J. Food Comp. Anal. 2022, 106:104330.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104330

(13) Analytical quality control and method validation proce-dures for pesticide residues analysis in food and feed: SANTE/11312/2021. https://www.eurlpesticides.eu/userfiles/file/EurlALL/SANTE_11312_2021.pdf (accessed 2023-08-25)

(14) Çatak, H.; Tiryaki, O., Insecticide residue analyses in cucumbers sampled from Çanakkale open markets. Türk. entomol. derg. 2020, 44: 449–460.

http://dx.doi.org/10.16970/entoted.767482

(15) Dashtbozorgi, Z.; Kazem Ramezanib, M.; Waqif-Husaina, S., Optimization and validation of a new pesticide residue method for cucumber and tomato using acetonitrile-based extraction-dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction fol-lowed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrome-try. Anal. Methods 2013, 5: 1192–1198. https://doi.org/10.1039/C2AY26287H

(16) Mohamed, A. O.; Mater, A. A.; Hammad, A. M. A.; Ishag, A. E. S. A.; El Tayeb, E. M.; Dahab, A. A., Pesti-cide residues detected on tomato and cucumber fruits grown in greenhouse farms in Khartoum State, Sudan. Int. J. Life Sci. Res. 2018, 6: 472–481.

Downloads

Additional Files

Published

2023-12-11

Versions

How to Cite

Andjelković, D., & Branković, M. (2023). One-step extraction versus QuEChERS for pesticide analysis in selected fruits and vegetables. Macedonian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 42(2). https://doi.org/10.20450/mjcce.2023.2762

Issue

Section

Environmental Chemistry